Computer Graphics: from Pixels to Scenes

Computer graphics is the process of creating a visual presentation of an object or scene using a mapping process from the object or data space to the image space. In its most abstract form, it involves deciding what color to set each value in a two-dimensional array which is then output to a screen or printer. Traditionally, graphics is taught by starting with 2-D line drawings and proceeding to 3-D wire frame images and finally shaded surfaces. This mimics to some extent the evolution of the field, which was based predominantly on the hardware technology available. Given the current predominance of raster-based graphics and the computational capabilities of the computers in common use, it is time for this order of presentation to be reevaluated. This manuscript approaches the teaching of graphics by starting with the generation of a pixel and builds the framework for the modeling and rendering of more and more complex 3-D objects, with minimal emphasis on twoand three-dimensional line drawing. It is hoped that this order of presentation will allow students to more quickly and effectively learn about the synthesis of pseudo-realistic 3-D images.